The photon detection capability and nonlinear response characteristic of quanta image sensors make them an optimal choice for high dynamic range (HDR) imaging. To suppress ghosting artifacts in dynamic scenes and obtain high-quality HDR reconstructed images using quanta image sensors, an HDR image reconstruction method based on multi-weight factor exposure bracketing is proposed in this paper. Initially, adaptive aligning and merging of bit-planes from the same exposure is performed to suppress noise and blur in the low dynamic range (LDR) reconstructed frame. Subsequently, the exposure-referred signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and gradient information of the frames are computed, which facilitates the reconstruction of an HDR image using multi-weight factor exposure bracketing. Results indicate that the proposed method has better reconstruction quality and is particularly effective for HDR imaging in non-ideal dynamic scenes. Compared to the single-weight exposure bracketing method and threshold optimization method, the proposed method has the lowest log-scale mean squared errors (LMSE) in reconstructed images and the perceptually uniform peak SNR is improved by 9.7%, while the perceptually uniform structural similarity index (PU-SSIM) is also improved by 3.5%, respectively.